ࡱ> ES(` / 0DTimes New Roman*d0Wo 0tDArialNew Roman*d0Wo 0t" DMonotype Sorts*d0Wo 0 ` .@hh88  @n?" dd@  @@`` h4L9L9%%&'()(&+/01234567 8 .      !"#$-.: `1?@bbbbbbbB. >.Current Situation and Prospects regarding MDGs/I/. X World Bank/IMF Global Monitoring Report 2004  Now past the halfway mark for goals set in the early 1990s, prospects for reaching many of the MDGs are  bleak . If present trends continue, only one (halving the number living below $1 a day) will be met. Even that one will be due to successes in China and India. SSA will fall well short . Among the priorities for donors, is a big increase in ODA. At least an extra $30 billion p.a. could be absorbed by DCs. If their policies and governance were improved, they could absorb an extra $50 billion p.a. -0 Z2"""""""""""F""""h N + J9Motivations for providing ODA /Humanitarian/moral Economic Political/security 0 2. 0  /:Links between aid programmes of EC & Member States (MS) ;;"2    PSome qualitative aspects: the three Cs Necessary precondition for effective aid ,Q'( 6=Cooperation and coordination Complementarity Policy coherence>>P   Legal Basis of 3 Cs within EU  Treaty of Maastricht 1992, Arts 130u-130y and Amsterdam Treaty 1999, Arts 177-181 EC development cooperation policy, which shall be complementary to MS policies, shall foster; sustainable development, integration of DCs into the global economy, and campaign against poverty The EC shall take account of above objectives in policies likely to affect DCs (coherence) The EC and MS shall co-ordinate their policiesv 2Q2  > < Types of Co-ordinationDonor-partner (EC/DC, MS/DC) Donor-donor (EC/MS, MS/MS, EC and MS/other donors Donor/international organisations (EC and MS/WB and UN) Among international organisations (WB/IMF, WB/IMF/WTO, among UN agencies)T 2 '!!)J  Burdens on Aid Recipients  Donor-driven priorities and systems Difficulties with donor procedures Uncoordinated donor practices Excessive demands on time Delays in disbursements Lack of information Demands beyond national capacity OECD(2003), Guidelines on Harmonising Donor Practices < ) I Key areas for improvementsSimplify procedures Harmonise procedures Align procedures on partners systems Share information Untie aid Respect national priorities and strategies Strengthen local capacity Move to budget support and SWAps@Has Co-ordination improved? UN level: UN reforms but co-ordination among agencies imperative UNDA framework supposed to bring all UN funds together in DC Donors coordinating their consultations with UN agencies F   " "0  s :BHas Co-ordination improved? WB/IMF/WTO level: Cooperation between WB/IMF/WTO improved since UR Agreements signed: IMF/WTO 1996, WB/WTO 1997 WB and IMF attend WTO General Council on Coherence since 2003P     CHas Co-ordination improved? . WB/IMF/EU level: WB study of PRSPs reported some positive results OECD level:  Rome Declaration on Harmonisation 2003 to improve aid effectivenessR " 2"   F"D   RFHas Co-ordination improved?   $What is Complementarity at EU Level?%%4   C2 concerns the relationship between aid programmes and policies of EC and MS Entails sharing of compentences. It is neither the  Europeanisation of EU aid, nor the  re-nationalisation of EU aid Related to comparative advantage, value added, leadership, and concentration Also related to role of partner country which should be  in the driver s seat ,`  What is the problem?EU provides over 50% of global aid but is not perceived as an  aid leader EU speaks with many voices on aid Overlaps and duplication of activities EU s  place in the world vs. MS  place in the world  22 #Is Complementarity improving in EU?$$0  .EC actions to be focused on 6 areas: link between trade and development; regional integration and cooperation; support for macroeconomic policies; transport; food security and sustainable rural development; institutional capacity-building and x-cutting issues incl. HRs, gender equality, env ment Country Strategy Papers can promote complementarity and co-ordination However, information exchange still weakB#8 >  #<What is Coherence? *Ensuring that all policies of international organisations and donors that are likely to affect DCs do not run contrary to what they are trying to achieve with their direct development cooperation policies and development assistance It applies at all levels, UN, IFIs, OECD, EU, and national levels + 2+,^!HWhere did it come from in EU? (Article 130u of Maastricht states that EC development cooperation policy shall foster: sustainable socio-econ. dev. of DCs; smooth and gradual integration of DCs into global economy; campaign against poverty in DCs Article 130v states that the EC shall take account of those objectives in the policies it implements that are likely to affect DCs Article 130v (177 of Amsterdam) is the  coherence Article  (b \#1<However& . 8Article 3, as amended by Nice, states that:  The Union shall in particular ensure the consistency of its external activities as a whole in the context of its external relations, security, economic and development policies It does not say which policy takes precedence over the others$,?r& and, more recently, in the 2000 joint Policy Statement& .::6 There must be greater coherence between the various Community policies focused on sustainable development. Efforts must be made to ensure that Community development policy objectives are taken into account in the formulations and implementation of other policies affecting the DCs. Types of policy incoherenceInternal, development: e.g., food aid Internal, other: e.g, CAP, fisheries, environment, consumer protection, immigration External, development: EC & MS/DC, EC/MS, EC & MS/WB & UN External, other: Trade, external relations, CFSPRE%!$Some attempts to improve C3 in EU...%% .Since early 2000s, using impact assessment systems intended to identify potential economic, social and env l impacts of all major policy proposals Since 2001, iQSG examines all CSPs wrt ia 3 Cs (iQSG incls. reps of all services involved in ext l rels with DCs - although not CAP, CFP, consumer protection) March 2004 EC Working Paper:All MS and most AC agree shared C3 analysis Coherence units establishedlnvItf3  " .& but continued concerns& Recent DAC Peer Reviews of MS and EC MS : All urged to improve; some regressing because of national interests EC 2002: weak coherence between CAP, CFP and development policies;  complex procedures; weak analytical capacity EC 1998: Impossible to be consistent in all matters at all times...avoid contradictory policies& anticipate consequencesb% 3)Ekn/ !"$ % & ()*+,-05:;<=?ADEGI P ` ` ̙33` 333MMM` ff3333f` f` f` 3>?" dP@$? 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